Executive summary(007)
Highlights(009)
1. Responding to the Economic Crisis(021)
1.1 Venture capital in the economic crisis(022)
1.2 R&D in the economic crisis(024)
1.3 R&D growth over the business cycle(026)
1.4 Financing R&D during a recession(028)
1.5 Trends in business R&D(030)
1.6 Business R&D by technology intensity(032)
1.7 Business R&d by firm size(034)
1.8 Patent intensity over the business cycle(036)
1.9 Trademarks over the business cycle(038)
1.10 Trends in researchers(040)
1.11 Foreign direct investment flows(042)
1.12 Trends in the employment of foreign affiliates(044)
1.13 Ldbour prodctivity growht over the business cycle(046)
1.14 ICT investment over the business cycle(048)
2. Targeting New Growth Areas(051)
2.1 Patents in environment-related technologies(052)
2.2 Environmental sciences(054)
2.3 Telecommunication networks(056)
2.4 Health -related R&D(058)
2.5 Health -related patents(060)
2.6 Biotechnology R&D(062)
2.7 Public-sector biotechnology R&D(064)
2.8 Biotechnoloty patents(066)
2.9 Biosciences(068)
2.10 Nanotechnology patents(070)
2.11 Nanosciences(072)
2.12 Government R&D budgets(074)
2.13 Public-private cross-funding of R&D(076)
2.14 Tax treatment of R&D(078)
2.15 Collaboration by innovating firms(080)
3. Competing in the World Economy(083)
3.1 International trade(084)
3.2 International trade by technology intensity(086)
3.3 Manufacturing trade balance by technology intensity(088)
3.4 International trade in ICT goods and services(090)
3.5 Activity of foreign affiliates(092)
3.6 Electronic commerce(094)
3.7 Innovation and firm performance(096)
3.8 Innovation within companies(098)
3.9 Non-technological innovation(100)
3.10 Product and marketing innovation using trademarks(102)
3.11 Internet access and use by businesses(104)
3.12 Entrepreneurship(016)
4. Connecting to Global Research(109)
4.1 International co-operation in research(110)
4.2 International reaearch co-operation among regions(112)
4.3 International co-operation in science(114)
4.4 Cross-border inventions(116)
4.5 Technology balance of payments(118)
4.6 R&D funding from abroad(120)
4.7 Internationalisation of R&D(122)
4.8 International collaboration on innovation(124)
4.9 International mobility of doctoral students(126)
4.10 Foreign scholars in the United states(128)
5. Investing in the Knowledge Economy(131)
5.1 New university graduates(132)
5.2 New doctoral graduates(134)
5.3 Human resources in science and technology(136)
5.4 Employment of tertiary-level graduates(138)
5.5 Employment of doctorate holders(140)
5.6 Earnings by educational attainment(142)